Research Institute of Strategic Studies (RISS)Strategic Studies Quarterly1735-072724420211222Subject-Based Security: Toward a New Theory of SecuritySubject-Based Security: Toward a New Theory of Security738142865FASalmanSadeghi Zadehassistant professor in IHCS0000-0002-2983-0054Journal Article20220104Subject-Based security is a new idea and it is the first time, this theory is used in security literature. This idea refers to the transition to the cultural paradigm of security. It is a paradigm that emerges from super-processes such as the “introduction of the concept of subject politics”, “the beginning of the late modernity period”, “rethinking as the central conflict of new societies” and “the individualization of the collective experience”. Based on this transition, the notion of "subject-based security" formulates a different representation of the "security issue" below which the focus of the security issue shifts from the level of macro-social and political structures to the level of individual and collective subjectivity. The process of "securityization" has been reversed and the starting point of security analysis is the increase of institutional capacities in order to prepare for the realization of the existence of the human subject and the expansion of individual and collective subjectivity.Subject-Based security is a new idea and it is the first time, this theory is used in security literature. This idea refers to the transition to the cultural paradigm of security. It is a paradigm that emerges from super-processes such as the “introduction of the concept of subject politics”, “the beginning of the late modernity period”, “rethinking as the central conflict of new societies” and “the individualization of the collective experience”. Based on this transition, the notion of "subject-based security" formulates a different representation of the "security issue" below which the focus of the security issue shifts from the level of macro-social and political structures to the level of individual and collective subjectivity. The process of "securityization" has been reversed and the starting point of security analysis is the increase of institutional capacities in order to prepare for the realization of the existence of the human subject and the expansion of individual and collective subjectivity.https://quarterly.risstudies.org/article_142865_a18ca20c28a5c5457ec778de2f57d9ce.pdfResearch Institute of Strategic Studies (RISS)Strategic Studies Quarterly1735-072724420211222Identity policy, education and national security in IranIdentity policy, education and national security in Iran3970142870FARezaKhalili0000-0003-1279-8737HamedMehraban InchebrounAllameh Tabatabaie UniversityJournal Article20210528This article examines the impact of identity policy reflected in education textbooks on Iran's national security. The main question is what is the effect of the identity policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the textbooks of social studies in the first year of high school on national security? The research method is based on the technique of qualitative content analysis with a deductive approach and three books of social studies of the first period of high school that were taught in Iranian schools in 1399-1400 have been studied. Findings indicate that the studied books provide a disproportionate and unbalanced picture of attention to different dimensions and trends of national, ethnic, religious, religious and gender identity. In addition, even little attention to the identity components of modernity and Sunnis has often been accompanied by a negative orientation. This kind of applied identity policy does not strengthen the prominent multiple identities of students, which will weaken the national identity and ultimately threaten national security.This article examines the impact of identity policy reflected in education textbooks on Iran's national security. The main question is what is the effect of the identity policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the textbooks of social studies in the first year of high school on national security? The research method is based on the technique of qualitative content analysis with a deductive approach and three books of social studies of the first period of high school that were taught in Iranian schools in 1399-1400 have been studied. Findings indicate that the studied books provide a disproportionate and unbalanced picture of attention to different dimensions and trends of national, ethnic, religious, religious and gender identity. In addition, even little attention to the identity components of modernity and Sunnis has often been accompanied by a negative orientation. This kind of applied identity policy does not strengthen the prominent multiple identities of students, which will weaken the national identity and ultimately threaten national security.https://quarterly.risstudies.org/article_142870_fd40ad2bee86c0675bfa23a3c09e89af.pdfResearch Institute of Strategic Studies (RISS)Strategic Studies Quarterly1735-072724420211222Iran Strategic Issues Network and the role of structural factors in their formationIran Strategic Issues Network and the role of structural factors in their formation71120142871FAMahmoudYazdanfam.0000-0002-8921-2055HassanSadrania0000-0001-6216-1430Journal Article20210414Based on the scientific principles of planning and strategic studies, designing broad headings of issues facing governments is not only not helpful, but may also lead to confusion in decision-making and the loss of the country's scarce resources in allocation and action. In this research, using the opinions of different experts and using MICMAC software and measuring the interaction of these issues with each other, an attempt has been made to prioritize the issues from the perspective of a specific position of influence and influence and a way for decision makers to prioritize and make decisions. The findings of this study show that the three issues of "Iran's foreign policy incompatibility with the international system", "nuclear case" and "Iran-US relations" are the most important issues that play a significant role in shaping and intensifying other issues. They affect Iran's national securityBased on the scientific principles of planning and strategic studies, designing broad headings of issues facing governments is not only not helpful, but may also lead to confusion in decision-making and the loss of the country's scarce resources in allocation and action. In this research, using the opinions of different experts and using MICMAC software and measuring the interaction of these issues with each other, an attempt has been made to prioritize the issues from the perspective of a specific position of influence and influence and a way for decision makers to prioritize and make decisions. The findings of this study show that the three issues of "Iran's foreign policy incompatibility with the international system", "nuclear case" and "Iran-US relations" are the most important issues that play a significant role in shaping and intensifying other issues. They affect Iran's national securityhttps://quarterly.risstudies.org/article_142871_9282c75e18432b98343187c4618e3f29.pdfResearch Institute of Strategic Studies (RISS)Strategic Studies Quarterly1735-072724420211222Governance gap in the intelligence system of the Islamic Republic of IranGovernance gap in the intelligence system of the Islamic Republic of Iran121152142875FAAlirezaGhazizadehJournal Article20211001The intelligence system in the Islamic Republic of Iran since 1979 has had different evaluations for discourse, performance, structure, agency and capability. Intelligence in political systems is one of the strategic areas that should work without any problem. Developments and issues for the Iranian intelligence system in recent years have raised concerns about inefficiencies and gaps between intelligence agencies. The question of the present article is what is the gap between intelligence governance and the explanation of the syndrome and its status in the intelligence system of the Islamic Republic of Iran? The typology of the present article is descriptive based on the purpose, the research method of the article is case study, the method of data collection is through documents and questionnaires and the method of information analysis is DelphiThe intelligence system in the Islamic Republic of Iran since 1979 has had different evaluations for discourse, performance, structure, agency and capability. Intelligence in political systems is one of the strategic areas that should work without any problem. Developments and issues for the Iranian intelligence system in recent years have raised concerns about inefficiencies and gaps between intelligence agencies. The question of the present article is what is the gap between intelligence governance and the explanation of the syndrome and its status in the intelligence system of the Islamic Republic of Iran? The typology of the present article is descriptive based on the purpose, the research method of the article is case study, the method of data collection is through documents and questionnaires and the method of information analysis is Delphihttps://quarterly.risstudies.org/article_142875_0f154ec5d3aebd983b71c92e559e2e77.pdfResearch Institute of Strategic Studies (RISS)Strategic Studies Quarterly1735-072724420211222The role of leadership in governing the national security of the Islamic Republic of IranThe role of leadership in governing the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran153176142877FASeyed AliMarandiJournal Article20210804Given the complex and multifaceted nature of the concept of national security, the question of the present study is what role does the leadership play in governing the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran? In order to examine the role of leadership in governing national security, four hypotheses of "guide", "observer", "supporter" and "executor" are examined and it is stated that the main role of leadership is guidance which is manifested in the form of "general policy making of the system". The weakness of the "guarantee of implementation" in "monitoring the proper implementation of the general policies of the system" has caused a fundamental disruption in the governance of the leadership in this area. The main proposal of the present study is to form a faction in the parliament in order to "monitor the proper implementation of the general policies of the system" which will act as the executive guarantee arm of the "High Board for Supervising the proper implementation of the general policies of the system".Given the complex and multifaceted nature of the concept of national security, the question of the present study is what role does the leadership play in governing the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran? In order to examine the role of leadership in governing national security, four hypotheses of "guide", "observer", "supporter" and "executor" are examined and it is stated that the main role of leadership is guidance which is manifested in the form of "general policy making of the system". The weakness of the "guarantee of implementation" in "monitoring the proper implementation of the general policies of the system" has caused a fundamental disruption in the governance of the leadership in this area. The main proposal of the present study is to form a faction in the parliament in order to "monitor the proper implementation of the general policies of the system" which will act as the executive guarantee arm of the "High Board for Supervising the proper implementation of the general policies of the system".https://quarterly.risstudies.org/article_142877_37b101461934db0d8ff3b852ee56535a.pdfResearch Institute of Strategic Studies (RISS)Strategic Studies Quarterly1735-072724420211222Transparency and economic security; Functional analysis of intelligence ServicesTransparency and economic security; Functional analysis of intelligence Services177217142872FANajafaliShahbaziAliForoutan RamyBehroozSadeghi Amroubadi0000-0002-9992-2114Journal Article20210227In a positive discourse, internal security is a situation in which the political system is able to establish maximum satisfaction among its citizens. One of the dimensions of citizens' satisfaction is to have peace of mind in economic matters. Establishing internal security in the economic field in crises and shocks resulting from internal and external conditions requires correct and efficient decisions of senior managers; making the right decisions also requires transparency and access to accurate, true, comprehensive and up-to-date information and statistics from the economic field, which can only be achieved with the formation of an economic intelligence system in the country. Economic transparency, using the tools of the economic intelligence system, has significant functions that are vital and inevitable for the internal security of the country. The purpose of this article is to explore the theory of economic transparency and the creation of economic intelligence system and its impact on economic security in the country.In a positive discourse, internal security is a situation in which the political system is able to establish maximum satisfaction among its citizens. One of the dimensions of citizens' satisfaction is to have peace of mind in economic matters. Establishing internal security in the economic field in crises and shocks resulting from internal and external conditions requires correct and efficient decisions of senior managers; making the right decisions also requires transparency and access to accurate, true, comprehensive and up-to-date information and statistics from the economic field, which can only be achieved with the formation of an economic intelligence system in the country. Economic transparency, using the tools of the economic intelligence system, has significant functions that are vital and inevitable for the internal security of the country. The purpose of this article is to explore the theory of economic transparency and the creation of economic intelligence system and its impact on economic security in the country.https://quarterly.risstudies.org/article_142872_2db4fd37f2bb6fc68a62bad6474b0dc7.pdfResearch Institute of Strategic Studies (RISS)Strategic Studies Quarterly1735-072724420211222The Link of Archaeology with National SecurityThe Link of Archaeology with National Security219241142880FAHosseinAsghari THaniدکتری روابط بین المللAliHejbariMaryamBorazjaniJournal Article20210310Archeology is the art and science of recognizing the cultures and civilizations of the past by studying the material data left over from the past that are discovered in scientific excavations of prehistoric (historical) hills and sites or in field studies. National security is also the ability of a nation to protect its internal values (territorial integrity, military power, political system, cultural context, economic structure, national solidarity) against external threats and is sustained when all the elements that form security in a way To grow continuously and in the national interest. The issue of the present article is the role of archeology in strengthening national security. Therefore, the authors have tried to present a conceptual model to show that archeology strengthens national security by discovering the elements and components of the ancient and historical civilization of a nation, through strengthening national identity, nationalism and national solidarityArcheology is the art and science of recognizing the cultures and civilizations of the past by studying the material data left over from the past that are discovered in scientific excavations of prehistoric (historical) hills and sites or in field studies. National security is also the ability of a nation to protect its internal values (territorial integrity, military power, political system, cultural context, economic structure, national solidarity) against external threats and is sustained when all the elements that form security in a way To grow continuously and in the national interest. The issue of the present article is the role of archeology in strengthening national security. Therefore, the authors have tried to present a conceptual model to show that archeology strengthens national security by discovering the elements and components of the ancient and historical civilization of a nation, through strengthening national identity, nationalism and national solidarityhttps://quarterly.risstudies.org/article_142880_e81aa9f3edf39d8a37c668f5fe75ac26.pdfResearch Institute of Strategic Studies (RISS)Strategic Studies Quarterly1735-072724420211222The Role of the International Court of Justice's Interim Order in Ensuring Human Rights: A Case Study of the Return of US Sanctions against the Islamic Republic of IranThe Role of the International Court of Justice's Interim Order in Ensuring Human Rights: A Case Study of the Return of US Sanctions against the Islamic Republic of Iran243261142883FAFarhadKarimiSaberNiyavaraniSeyyed QasemZamaniJournal Article20200725One of the most important powers of the International Court of Justice is to issue interim injunctions, which play an important role in guaranteeing and promoting human rights. One of the most important cases in the Court that has recently led to the issuance of an interim injunction is the Islamic Republic of Iran's complaint against the United States regarding the unilateral withdrawal from the Comprehensive Joint Action Plan and the re-imposition of sanctions against the Iranian people. The main question of the present article is how and to what extent can the interim order of the International Court of Justice be effective in preventing human rights violations in Iran? The present article uses analytical and descriptive methods to explain the position of the Court's interim injunction and its measures to guarantee and promote human rights through a case study of the return of US sanctions against Iran.One of the most important powers of the International Court of Justice is to issue interim injunctions, which play an important role in guaranteeing and promoting human rights. One of the most important cases in the Court that has recently led to the issuance of an interim injunction is the Islamic Republic of Iran's complaint against the United States regarding the unilateral withdrawal from the Comprehensive Joint Action Plan and the re-imposition of sanctions against the Iranian people. The main question of the present article is how and to what extent can the interim order of the International Court of Justice be effective in preventing human rights violations in Iran? The present article uses analytical and descriptive methods to explain the position of the Court's interim injunction and its measures to guarantee and promote human rights through a case study of the return of US sanctions against Iran.https://quarterly.risstudies.org/article_142883_ac7d4f0a1ada08c13ed52805a10f6921.pdf