Strategic Studies Quarterly

Abstract In the era of globalization, there has been a tremendous transformation in both the sources of threats and the types of threats and the tools used. Threats in the era of globalization are not state-oriented and the focus on military threats has become less. Since the beginning of the Islamic Revolution, Iran has been involved in the harsh aspects of threats such as imposed war and terror but with the emergence of new aspects of these threats such as genetically modified crops, the country's security has undergone many threats and transformations. This research tried to answer the question that what are the harms of policies related to new biological threats against Iran? Therefore, this research was looking for the pathology of G.A.'s policies against new biological threats, focusing on transgenic products. Based on the research findings; Policies in this area have been made in the form of codified laws or under the country's development plans, but the lack of comprehensive policies or the weakness of the current policies, as well as their lack of diagnosis, have caused disagreements or gaps in this field, so the current laws need to be updated. In addition to that, in some areas, the existing deficiencies must be compensated with new legislations. The results of the research have divided the existing harms in the country's policy into four categories of functional, structural, contextual and communication factors. In this research, the qualitative content analysis method was used to analyze the data.

Abstract Over the past two decades, the Zayandeh Rud River basin has faced numerous challenges in water resource management, resulting in widespread stakeholder dissatisfaction. In light of governance principles, effective policy-making in this area necessitates an understanding of each actor’s impact on the problem’s various dimensions and their interrelationships. This research aims to determine which actors influence the Zayandeh Rud River basin’s water governance network within Isfahan province’s geographic area and to what extent. Using a governance framework, this paper identifies 21 groups of water actors within the specified geography. Data collection and theoretical saturation were achieved through the analysis of data from 72 research participants using network analysis methods. The research data was analyzed using UCINET software, utilizing structural analysis and value component implementation capabilities, and visualized using NETDRAW software. The results reveal the formation of a unique influence network on water resource management, which is not conducive to optimal water governance. This network comprises a variety of actors with distinct capabilities and behaviors, resulting in specific impacts on water issues.