Strategic Studies Quarterly

Abstract The paper intends to analyze the Iranian social capital in light of the JCPOA. Therefore, all events and trends observed in Iran after conclusion of the JCPOA are assumed as indicators for demonstrating the Iranian social capital. In this way, some implicit and explicit functions of the nuclear talks, the process of decision making in Iran, role of reference groups and citizens with respect to the talks that can strengthen or weaken the Iranian social capital are analyzed in this paper.    

Abstract this article tries to study and analyses the effect of Islamic republic  in enhancement of social capital and its evolution in the shape of social trust, political participation, religious participation, social cohesion and social solidarity based on religious democracy in the framework of Islamic republic. The goal of article is to review the impact of Islamic revolution in enhancing social capital and accomplishment of religious democracy.    

Abstract

This paper studies the relationship between social capital and sustainable national security and its main question is as follows; what is the role of social capital in promotion of sustainable national security and what are its mechanisms? In answering these questions first the challenges of modern security is discussed and then the role of social capital is considered under the said process. Based on the findings of this paper, social order and national security are outcome of citizen’s and the interest groups satisfaction and this in turn is subject to existence of powerful social networks originated in durable and institutional process which can be represented in a influential social capital. The theoretical findings of this paper indicate that social capital can directly influence sustainable national security through several ways and means including increasing the national solidarity, facilitating socio-political and economic crises management, preventing socio-political passiveness, promotion of the capacity of the system, consolidation and promotion of national identity and deepening the trust.

Abstract The main question of this article is about the soft threat Components. Author has tried to review the literature related to the topic or focus on three regions: North-West Russia, the European Union and African countries to describe soft threat components. The comparative study of these areas shows three essential features for soft threat and security: First, it focuses on topics that earlier were discussed only in sociology, urban management, and service society. Second, it intends to identify, strengthen and use social capital and finally, it tries to resolve actual or mental concerns of society. More subtle point is that although we speak of the society's soft security, the ultimate beneficiary is the government that will try to organize national relations and exchanges after providing social order.

Abstract In the post -Westphaliaera, there are few unitary countries without any diversity, so new states are going to investing and providing strategy for establishing and improving the national coherency. If national diversity and heterogeneous mainly contains religious, ethnic, linguistic and cultural dimensions, so Iranian society would be as diverse as possible. As a matter of fact, it could be varieties in diversity of Iranian society in the whole dimension of the phenomena. Here the paper is trying to processing and analyzing this phenomenon and making recommendation for maintenance and evolving national coherency by focus on ethnics in Iranian society. The reason is that ethnicity and ethnic differentiation is the strong force in contrast of modernity in the national level and could be make domestic violence and providing opportunity for influencing of revival countries of Iran in the proximately region.    

Abstract This article seeks to highlight the importance of social capital in good governance and its fragility and vulnerability to the state conduct and actions. Social capital is the cornerstone of the affluent society and efficient government. It is in the shadow of the maintenance, enforcement and accumulation of this valuable resource that society can benefit from the achievements of development and good governance. Hence, not only the state has to assess the consequences of its actions on social capital, but also it needs to provide a trustful social environment which makes confidence, willingness to keep promises, will to cooperation and assistance and entering the social networks meaningful and useful for the members of society. The author believes that by adjusting or removing such deficiencies as dysfunction in allocation, organizational recession, agency problem, corruption in public sector, and possible tensions and conflicts between politicians and bureaucrats, as well as reinforcing internal oversight, social capital provides the possibility for better supply of public management goods. On the one hand, the government can pave the way for the production of social capital through individual, social and institutional betterment, and preparing a trustful social environment, and on the other hand it may contribute to its destruction through weakening the constructive sources of social capital.

Abstract This article intends to analyze and appraise the social foundations of social security. The author believes that states can conventionally play four roles including removal of conflict, representation of society, expediency, and reconstruction of human and a modern society. From among the four functions, the second and third functions appear appropriate to the analysis of the state in the Third World countries. These different behavioral patterns necessitate national security in the Third World be considered as arising from a specific formation continuing historically and socially rather than the result of international power structure or autocratic regimes. On this ground, this article seeks to view national security as a variable dependent on social processes and relations. Such an argument is derived from the assumption that despite the increase in state vulnerability, the area of citizens’ power has grown as well. This equation demands a new comprehensive analysis, which in recent versions is translated into the strength of society and state efficiency and legitimacy in reducing domestic harms and foreign threats and not just into the absolute state authority.