Strategic Studies Quarterly

Abstract  
 
Mojtaba Vahedi
Abstract:
Bioterrorism is a universal phenomenon. The importance of security threats of this kind of terrorism and its widespread and harmful effects that is created by abusing poisonous, bacterial and biological factors intend to kill or suffer humans, animals, and plants, result in the new attention to the notion of bioterrorism and providing the micro and micro legal– political solutions to combat it in the national and international levels. Because of this, the international instruments pay special attention to it and have made the countries provide legislations against it. Therefore, Iranian law in some micro- legal instruments such as fifth development program, imposing the duty of preparation a draft in combat of the bioterrorism to Ministry of Intelligence. In this way, the paper tries to evaluate the notion of bioterrorism and guiding approach to international instruments and Iranian criminal policy. The research is based on the data library and finally concludes that although Iranian penal policy in the light of international instruments’ criminal guiding approach, has taken positive steps toward the combat of bioterrorism, still there are some deficiencies in this policy.
 

Abstract The discourse of the 11^th administration has taken shape based on the noble concept of "moderation" and its components include an interactive approach to the outside world, a moderate interaction model inside the country, an Iranian-Islamic model of development, a broad non-securitized model in the social field, non-mechanical cultural engineering, a combined-local-economic approach to national security with software orientation, creating a promotional model of the Islamic Republic, and a cultural approach to the fight against imperialism. Studies show that the moderation discourse has been effective in the fields of military security, political security, and social cohesion; has had a dual outcome in the area of economic security; and has a long way to achieve the stated goals in the field of environmental security despite some accomplishments.
 
 

Abstract Judicial efficiency have both spiritual and material aspects. The spiritual aspect concerns the prevailing sense of justice and the widely held belief that the judicial system holds everyone accountable for their behavior and decisions. This requires that the Judiciary acts independently, impartially, and based on law. From the material perspective, judicial efficiency is determined by the competence of the majority of judges who are not in a hierarchy and address issues and disagreements based on their knowledge, expertise, great skills, and their own discretion.
 
 

Abstract Based on the findings of the paper, continuous uneven development in Iran has led to problems as follows: continuation of migration from less developed regions to developed regions, inequality in population density, growing density of the population in developed regions, rising of marginalization around metropolitans, increasing risks for biosphere centers and tensions in utilization of the resources. These problems, in the medium and long term can lead to threat of social solidarity and cohesion, fragile national economy and political divergence which pose a threat against national security.