Strategic Studies Quarterly

Abstract This paper attempts to draw a conceptual model for organizing street unrest. The problem with this study was the lack of a common or inter-subjective definition of organizing and its indicators. In fact, this study attempts to answer two questions. First, what are the indicators of organizing street unrest? And second, what factors influence the organizing of street unrest? Charles Tilly and Ted Robert Gurr's theories were used to answer these questions. A questionnaire was also provided to evaluate the organizing. In this paper, the pairwise comparison method was used to weight the organizing indicators. The most important indicators of organizing are: "There is a division of duties and specialized roles between the opposition", “There is at least one public treasury of resources such as money, weapons, information or something else with a mechanism for distributing them”, “Hierarchical distinction between opposition and leadership and follower formation”.
 

Abstract Ted Robert Ger is one of the prominent researchers in ethnical studies that unlike modernist researchers don’t use only from one factor in explaining ethnical conflicts, but sees it as multilateral and multidimensional phenomena. In this article, after studing the main concepts of ethnical issues and different attitudes on it, varios ethinical groups in Ger's view have been discussed and then the main effective factors in shaping ethnical conflicts including prominence and importance of ethnical – cultural identity, motivations of ethnical – political action (Past grievances, fear from the future and hope for gain privilege), capacity of ethnical – political action and options and apportunities (apportunity structure) have been detailed and analyzed.