Strategic Studies Quarterly

Abstract The concept of justice is discussed mainly in relation to freedom and equality.  This article tries to show the correspondence level of justice with security and the benefits of justice in decreasing differences, and establishment of order rule of law in society. The main question of article is that “what is the relation between social justice and national security?”  By relation, we mean the similarities and differences, priority of security or justice, benefits of justice to national security, the role of state in justice and security and it’s relation with state’s neutrality and equality. Findings and core arguments are discussed in different parts of article

Abstract Abstract There is a lack of sufficient focus on ethics in security studies, because ethics (morality) traditionally is defined as a science of self (self-conscience), while security mainly is considered in social and political arena. Meanwhile, redefinition of ethics (morality) can be very helpful in construction of safe and secure life.  Ethical security as discussed in this article, doesn’t want to depend security studies on morale concepts, rather tries to help it in making safer life. Ethical security is not a new resource of security beside other sources, but is a good reference for security studies. Ethical security  can be useful  in every type of security and also can prevent contradictions among  different types. It also can be used in domestic and international level of security. Ethical approach in security studies, by focusing on social and political responsibilities for security agents, prevents securitization of normal issues and ruining national interest.

Abstract Islamic republic of Iran, like other countries, tries to reach an assured defence power against its military threats. This assured defence power may cause security concerns of neighbor states, and mutually provoke them to improve their defence power. This situation is called security dilemma in strategic studies. The question of this article is that: how can we improve our defence power without causing arms race, increasing military threats, and other insecurities? Author argues that un-provocative defence strategy is the best way to assure defence power, while avoiding security dilemma.

Abstract As one of the social forces, police has some functions and would be under social consequences of social transformations and changes too. So it is reasonable to be harmonized with them, facilitating functions for coping with new security needs and facing with new challenges for police force as the other social forces. As a securitizing force, police would be doing the changes by micro security theories. Some security theories in the micro security are useful and correlated more to police mentioned here. How some transformation in police functions could be made in studying these micro security theories? In the four main functions, it examines as transformation in archetype police functions, new and novel functions, social status of police in society and police function in the level of macro security especially in the national one.

Abstract In regarding to the first term of Bush Administration's foreign policy in concerned to IRI, the second one's (2004-8) is shown that made some change from unilateralism and pre-emptive warfare to the traditional and heritage mode of foreign policy reminded from the cold war so called the Containment Policy. It is reason that change made by some unsuccessfully performance ofU.S.management of peace after the war inAfghanistanandIraq. It argues that this theory would be having conceivably explanting the different situation between theU.S.and IRI in the period. There are based upon it four pattern of behaviors inU.S.foreign policy onIranas follows: engagement, democratization, sanctions and punishment and military action. The paper believes that this outlines could be continuous to the nextU.S.administration. The range of made some changing in behavior, inertial dependency to global club and regime change are the purpose of this policy.

Abstract By searching its historical transformation as concept of nation-state conceptualization of Security in comparisons with tribe security, city security and empire security would be clear and make better perception on national security. Because the state as a whole made for preserving and implementing the security would be the core referent object here. In spite of political process it brings to focus on political structure. Its relative with the state the discussion on security is appearing meaningful, although there are many contested theories in explanation on state. The state by definition made by territory, population, government and sovereignty as a whole, so any threat on these categories would be seen as state''s insecurity. The paper is examining them at any state in historical landscapes for prospecting the horizon on security in future directions.

Abstract To be channel between The East and The West, its energy resources, its political structures, its Imperialistic experiences and its cultural contradictions with the world, put theMiddle Eastinto realistic context and fabricated by state, national and regional security than the human security and they overlaid it. It argues that this situation didn't achieve the peace and stability for the region. Making up for lost time, empowering and protecting the human issues entail to be though the channel state security and human development. The paper is examining political reforms, economic and demographic problems, energy issues and modern technology in the Middle Eastern as human developments or freedom from needs and so discussing theIraqcrisis, nuclear proliferations, terrorism andPalestine-Israelconflict as main human security or freedom from fear in theMiddle East. And the last make some suggestions for the current fabric of the region.

Abstract Academic books and resources as one of the main references in studying the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran are focused and considered in this paper. Therefore, the paper attempts to find out what principles and foundations are introduced in those texts? Based on this paper's hypothesis, the main concern of these texts has been the conflict of Idealism versus Realism which is illustrated in three sections: historical aspect, Idealism versus Realism in the context of the Revolutionary, Islamic and Nationalistic approaches and finally some suggestions to coupe with paradoxical issues in this regard.