Strategic Studies Quarterly

Abstract Security levels are among the elements and components of a security theory. One of the different dimensions of security levels in security studies is its political dimension. The review of security studies indicates that not many researches have been done in this field. This article attempts to examine the Quranic and Narrative bases of the levels of political security and its threats in the security school of Islam. Therefore, Qur'anic and hadith propositions indicating the levels of political security and its threats were extracted using the research and inferential study method. The existence of six individual (micro), community, national (medium), regional, national and international (macro) levels for political security, as well as the possibility of existential threat to the authorities of each level by the authorities of other levels in the school of Islamic Security Among the most important results are inferred from verses and hadiths.

Abstract The purpose of this study is the pathology of conversion in Khuzestan province. The research method is qualitative analysis with inductive strategy. University and Howzeh professors, cultural experts in Khuzestan province and individuals are subject to cultural identity change are Statistical population. Using intentional and judgmental sampling method, 25 members of the statistical population were selected as the sample size of the study. Data collection is free (in-depth) interview. Excerpts from interviews were analyzed using MAXQDA2018 software. Finally, 9 main categories and 39 sub-categories were identified from the analysis of the findings. The most important causes of the occurrence and prevalence of this emerging phenomenon are the underlying factors (Such as unemployment, poverty, poor transmission of religious teachings, rural-urban migration, marginal growth), Structural factors (such as weakness and inefficiency of cultural management models and quality of performance of influential institutions) and intervening factors (such as the role and influence of dissidents including foreigners and opposing currents in creating and fueling this phenomenon). The possibility of exploiting and abusing of the people who are inclined to Wahhabism in Khuzestan by separatist, takfiri and terrorist counter-revolutionary currents (like ISIL) In persecuting and subversive acts, will be one of the most important threats.
 
 

Abstract Abstract Securitization studies focuses on the process and mechanism of securitization of a phenomenon. The goal of these studies is to have a comprehensive understanding of effective factors and variables in securitization. The main question in securitization studies is “who, on what issues, under what circumstances, with what outcomes, does the securitization?” in other words, in securitization studies, we seek to understand “who speaks of security, and based on which threats speaks of security, why security is concerned and under what circumstances it is bolded, and at last, what are the outcomes of security”. This article tries to answer these questions.

Abstract

This paper studies the political threat and vulnerability of national security from Imam Khomeini’s perspective. Enlisting a variety of political threats from the said perspective will show that his perception was so close to modern approaches rather than traditional ones. As for Imam Khomeini the domestic sources of insecurity was more important than external ones and also he did not believe that threats are only limited to  military invasion by other states but due to the role of religion and the people in either strengthening or weakening the national security, for Imam Khomeini domestic unrest, taking distance from Islam, lack of political participation, alienation and dependence of the think tanks to foreigners are the main political threats against national security.

Abstract Following the Skinner's method in reading of political paper, the paper is examining security in Nizam – ul – Mulk's perception as a notably thinkers in political curriculum. In his explanation there is 'organic' relation between subjects' security and the king's power. Security make proper situation for developing subjects' welfare and resulted that the king could assess taxation in incomes of them for improving the 'treasury' of kingdom. So this balance and equilibrium between them is necessary so that subjects couldn't take power and independence for making resistance in front of the king and would be in mercy and horror situation. The main security problems in the kingdom as Nizam – ul – Mulk's perception are increasing the power of the other kings, appearing the seditious and the impious in the religion, the king's weakness and dubiety on enforcing the force, unemployment, and dominancy of children and women in the kingdom.

Abstract Human security is one of the concepts which have been developed in order to go beyond the traditional sense of security and national security. With respect to human security, there is relative consensus on a fairly comprehensive definition that includes the maintenance of the critical mass of all human kinds vis-à-vis the prevailing threats, consistent with long-term human fulfillment and flourishing. This writing examines the difference of human security from related concepts such as individual security, human development, human rights and sustainable development and then describes strategies for the realization of human security, that is conservation strategy and empowerment. To propose and explain the idea of human security is of importance both theoretically and in policy-making terms. From a theoretical point of view, developing human security is considerable in a more comprehensive and complete view toward the category of security. In terms of decision-making, human security can also help design strategy, (re)formulate priorities and replace some of them, give priority to software elements along with hardware ones, boost civil society and institutions and pay attention to fairer distribution of resources.